The tectonic relationships of the Pay-Khoy-Novaya Zemlya and Ural fold belts are discussed. Traditionally, in geological literature, the former is considered to be Early Cimmerian and the latter, Caledonian-Hercynian. Based on results of geological mapping, it is shown that tectonic movements in the Polar Urals affected the Pay-Khoy structures, thus, the ideas about the later Early Cimmerian age of the Pay-Khoy structures’ formation are erroneous. The authors substantiate the belonging of both areas to the unified Ural-Novaya Zemlya fold system, which completed its formation at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary, the migration of the main phase of folding from east to west from the Permian to the Triassic, and the existence of hypothetical Paleozoic ophiolite and island-arc associations north of the Pay-Khoy.

Petrographic composition of till coarse-clastic fraction in the west part of the Terskie Keivy studied near the Varzuga Village is dominated by sandstone and siltstone of the Riphean Olenitsky Series and various granitoids of the Middle Lopian migmatite-diorite complex and the Late Lopian migmatite- and anatektitegranite complex, which are bedrock or occur near the study area. Clasts of rocks transported from the central and south-western part of the Kola region were found. Petrographic composition and other characteristics of studied glacial deposits from the ridges of the western Terskie Keivy evidence that they formed in an open stream flow. In the current relief, they correlate to eskers, which mark the peripheral zone of the White Sea Ice Stream during a phase of its retreat.

The U-Pb SIMS dating of zircons from two granodiorite-granite massifs (Starokrivchansky and Novokrivchansky), typical of the eastern margin of the Middle Urals, has shown that they had been forming in the period from 315 and 306 Ma ago. The analysis of the geological and geochronological data available proves that this stage of granitoid magmatism belongs to the collision period of the evolution of this region. The intrusion of dated massifs occurred synchronously with the formation of the Verkhisetsky granodiorite-granite complex, which is widespread in the open part of the Middle Urals that confirms the existence of a large episode of collisional granitoid magmatism, common for the eastern sector of the Urals and the basement of the adjacent part of the West Siberian Plate.

The paper presents new data of petrographic and geochemical features of carbonate deposits in the southeastern part of the Anabar-Sinsk basin. Direct and indirect signs of volcanogenic and exhalation activity synchronous to sedimentogenesis have been identified in the section of Toyonian deposits of the pre-reef slope facies for the first time. Results of the studies allow using positive geochemical Co, Pb, Zn, Ba and Mn anomalies, the values of the HREE/LREE, Ce/Ce* and Eu/Eu* ratios in bedrocks as a search criterion for the lead-zinc Mississippi-Valley-type mineralization within the Sinsk-Botomian Group.

Analysis of geological materials and chemical composition of metabasalts in three structural and formational zones of the Early Archaen Yengrian Complex of the Aldan Shield based on the principle of actualism allowed making an inference concerning crustal formation from the very beginning of the geological history of the shield under oceanic (Zverev zone), island arc (Chara-Seimsky zone) and continental (Nimnyr zone) geodynamic regimes.

A procedure of high-resolution marine geological mapping (scale 1:25,000–1:10,000) was developed based on results of multibeam echosounding, acoustic-seismic profiling and various sediment sampling technics during joint cruises of IO RAS and VSEGEI in 2017–2019 in the Eastern Gulf of Finland. The research allowed receiving new data about the Gulf of Finland basin deglaciation, to establish sedimentological processes’ features and impact of exogenous processes on the geological environment. Submerged end moraine, drumlins, eskers, De Geer moraine were mapped for the first time in the study area. Analyses of acoustic-seismic data, supported by sediment sampling, allowed revealing several erosion layers, interpreted as results of relative fall of sea level in the Holocene. The obtained results can be used in the State Geological Map monitoring program.

The article presents new data on geology and mineral resources of the Late Archean Titovsko-Porosozero suture zone. Information on the identified Malyavr gold show, the mode of occurrence of ore bodies and host metasomatite, tectonite, and the composition of ore and associated mineralization is given. The potential of the Titovsko-Uragubsky greenstone structure relative to gold-bearing targets is outlined.

The formation of sulfide Cu-Ni-PGE deposits occurs in association with mafite-ultramafite intrusions, which are located in crustal stretching spaces, confined to fault zones with horizontal displacement of rocks. These faults are often located in rifting areas of igneous provinces due to the stress phenomena generated by plume-tectonic activity. The paper discusses structural morphology of large and small sulfide Cu-Ni-PGE deposits related to mafite-ultramafite intrusions. In addition, it is shown that the geometry of the intrusions, hosting deposits, and the location of mineral zones in them can be structurally subdivided into groups and controlled by the space created by structural deformations.

The paper presents main results of processing and analysis of hyperspectral data during forecasting and exploration in the Lomamsky potential gold ore field (The Republic of Sakha, Yakutia) for identifying hydrothermal-metasomatic rock alteration zones favorable for gold ore localization. The application of the developed technology allows identifying mineral localization areas at the preliminary stage of exploration. Comparison of the results of processing and analysis of space hyperspectral data and terrestrial geochemical surveys shows that spectrometric halos of hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations coincide in most of the areas with elevated and high content of elements of gold and silver primary geochemical dispersion halos. Complex spectroscopic haloes of the hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations of wallrock accompanying precious metal mineralization for promising Bilibinsky and Ekhundinsky areas, were detected.

The involvement of thorium in the nuclear power industry in the near future is becoming an urgent task for the world’s developed countries. This, in turn, makes it necessary to resume assessment of the thorium potential in Russia. Abroad (the USA, China, Australia, etc.), such studies are carried out under special IAEA projects. Available results of these studies are used in the description of foreign thorium features and individual deposits with multimetal ores. The economic aspects, such as reserves, resources and the thorium market, are discussed. Conclusions are made on the thorium potential in the world and in Russia.